Individual target optimization lowered normal-brain V12 and improved dose gradients while maintaining over 99% coverage, at the cost of higher monitor units.
Single-fraction 22 Gy SRS achieved higher one-year local control than 20 Gy, although retrospective dose selection creates important confounding.
A 1 mm symmetric MLC closing reduced minimum GTV dose by 25%, while translations caused cumulative target undercoverage.
Preoperative SRS/FSRT completed local therapy 22.5 days sooner than postoperative treatment, with similar 30-day morbidity; oncologic outcomes remain pending.
Tumour-size strata showed non-monotonic BED–control relationships, while machine-learning performance remained unvalidated outside a single retrospective centre.
ATHENA did not improve FACT-Br scores at three months, although an exploratory nine-month analysis favoured neuropsychological integration.
Brain metastasis contours showed generally high agreement, although lesion volume, oedema and magnetic resonance imaging field strength influenced variability.
A case report describes pathology-confirmed late radiation necrosis after stereotactic radiosurgery, with radiographic progression temporally associated with repeated COVID-19 vaccination.
Prophylactic cranial irradiation was associated with longer survival and brain metastasis-free survival than magnetic resonance imaging surveillance.
Artificial intelligence planning produced clinically acceptable whole-brain radiotherapy plans in 14 of 15 independent test cases.
A multimodal imaging, radiomics, and clinical deep learning model showed moderate external validation for survival risk after Gamma Knife radiosurgery.
A case report linked high-dose Boswellia serrata use for radiation necrosis with reversible acute kidney injury.
After 66% of couch-angle changes, motion exceeded tolerance, and 0.5-millimetre and 0.5-degree errors reduced near-minimum target dose by 7.6%.
Preoperative single-fraction and fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy produced similarly low composite event rates after resection of brain metastases.
A hybrid foundation-model framework achieved 94% lesion-wise sensitivity and was preferred over physician-generated brain metastasis contours in blinded, bias-adjusted comparisons.