Adjunctive hydrogen gas inhalation was associated with numerically fewer moderate toxicities and exploratory serum metabolomic changes during head and neck chemoradiotherapy.
Simultaneous integrated boost radiotherapy was associated with 96% two-year disease-free survival versus 70% with sequential boost in anal cancer.
Three-year locoregional recurrence-free survival was 90.8%, with most locoregional recurrences occurring within or near the radiation field.
A nodal-to-primary tumor volume ratio of at least 15% was associated with lower three-year distant metastasis-free survival after extended-field radiotherapy.
Weekly cisplatin remained non-inferior to three-weekly cisplatin at five years in postoperative high-risk head and neck chemoradiotherapy.
Induction chemotherapy showed no overall survival benefit, with outcomes differing by disease risk and the intensity of pre-radiotherapy treatment.
Longer pembrolizumab exposure after chemoradiation was associated with lower mortality, but immortal time bias prevents causal interpretation.
Concurrent chemotherapy improved progression-free survival without a significant overall survival benefit in early primary tumors with low-volume nodal disease.
Patients reported persistently worse quality of life and functioning approximately two years after chemoradiotherapy than matched individuals without cancer.