Two randomized trials failed to show benefit from brachytherapy-integrated hyperthermia, while inadequate thermal measurement remains a major barrier to clinical validation.
Berberine enhanced radiation response in HNSCC models by increasing DNA damage and apoptosis while suppressing DNA repair and stemness pathways.
Blocking DNA double-strand-break repair enhanced proton response across seven uveal melanoma spheroid models, with DNA-PK inhibition showing the strongest effect.
A broad 6R-based review identifies numerous radiosensitization targets, but most remain preclinical and evidence is heavily concentrated in squamous-cell carcinoma.
Experts propose selecting radiotherapy–drug regimens using efficacy, scheduling, late toxicity, biomarkers, and patient-reported outcomes rather than maximum tolerated dose alone.
USP15 stabilized FIS1, suppressed oxidative phosphorylation, and increased radiosensitivity; metformin restored radiation response in USP15-low bladder cancer models.
Gold nanoparticles increased proton-induced clonogenic killing from 4 Gy onward, with similar sensitization using 20- and 50-nm particles.
Triple oHSV, radiotherapy and IGF1R blockade suppressed YAP1, produced tumour regressions and prolonged survival in glioblastoma and breast cancer models.