Rectal spacer geometry remained stable throughout five-fraction prostate SBRT
Hydrogel spacers showed no meaningful loss of geometry during prostate SBRT, supporting stable rectal separation across the treatment course.
Hydrogel spacers showed no meaningful loss of geometry during prostate SBRT, supporting stable rectal separation across the treatment course.
Eight of ten patients completed simulation-free single-fraction adaptive lung SBRT, with treatment taking a median 72 minutes.
DIR reduced estimated liver maximum dose from 123.8 to 83.2 Gy, but accuracy deteriorated markedly for bowel and stomach.
Empty-bladder SBRT was feasible in 85% of screened patients, with grade 2 or higher urinary toxicity of 28.1%.
Two-year local control reached 88%, but median progression-free survival was 5.8 months and systemic treatment changed after 4.4 months.
Seventy-three percent of failures after nonadherent sacral contouring involved sectors that guidelines recommended including in the clinical target volume.
A 30–70% gating window reduced planning target volume by 34% and mean lung dose by 0.75 Gy without compromising coverage.
The model calibrated well only when non-cancer death was defined consistently; an overall-survival version validated in both external cohorts.
Grade ≥2 urinary toxicity fell from 22% at two weeks to 3% at six months, with almost no clinically significant bowel toxicity.
Proton plans preserved 20-Gy target coverage while reducing spinal cord, oesophageal, lung, and bowel dose compared with photon VMAT.
ESTRO recommends prostate SBRT for selected intermediate-risk disease with MRI-based contouring, rigorous quality assurance, and daily image guidance.
Optimizing dose to blood- and immune-rich structures reduced lymphocyte depletion and prevented grade 3 lymphopenia after early-stage lung SBRT.
Linac-based 40 Gy in five fractions produced low severe toxicity and rapid urinary recovery across seven centres, although follow-up remained short.
SBRT provided competitive peripheral coverage in some plans but could not consistently reproduce brachytherapy’s central dose escalation after realistic margins were applied.
Prospective prostate reirradiation studies reported generally acceptable toxicity, but target volumes, dose schedules and organ constraints varied substantially.